refactor(desktop): 替换 WebUI 为 Electron + electron-vite 桌面壳方案

- 使用 electron-vite 构建 main/preload，electron-builder 打包分发
- main process: dev 模式直连 localhost:3000，生产模式 spawn sidecar binary
- 添加 loading 页面，server 就绪前显示加载动画
- 更新 catalog 依赖: electron, electron-vite, electron-builder
- 移除 @webui-dev/bun-webui 依赖

apps/desktop/.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-# WebUI native libraries (auto-downloaded)
-*.dll
-*.so
-*.dylib
+# Electron-vite build output
+out/
+dist/
+
+# Sidecar binary (copied from apps/server build)
+resources/server
+resources/server.exe

apps/desktop/AGENTS.md

@@ -1,27 +1,32 @@
 # AGENTS.md - Desktop App Guidelines
 
-Thin WebUI shell hosting the fullstack server app.
+Thin Electron shell hosting the fullstack server app.
 
 ## Tech Stack
 
-> **⚠️ This project uses Bun — NOT Node.js / npm. All commands use `bun`. Never use `npm`, `npx`, or `node`.**
+> **⚠️ This project uses Bun as the package manager. Runtime is Electron (Node.js). Never use `npm`, `npx`, `yarn`, or `pnpm`.**
 
-- **Type**: WebUI desktop shell
+- **Type**: Electron desktop shell
 - **Design**: Server-driven desktop (thin native window hosting web app)
-- **Runtime**: Bun (Main process) + System browser / WebView (via WebUI)
-- **Window Library**: [webui-dev/webui](https://github.com/webui-dev/webui) — opens installed browser or native WebView as GUI
-- **Build**: Turborepo
+- **Runtime**: Electron (Main/Renderer) + Sidecar server binary (Bun-compiled)
+- **Build Tool**: electron-vite (Vite-based, handles main + preload builds)
+- **Packager**: electron-builder (installers, signing, auto-update)
+- **Orchestration**: Turborepo
 
 ## Architecture
 
-- **Server-driven design**: The desktop app is a "thin" native shell. It does not contain UI or business logic; it opens a browser window pointing to the `apps/server` TanStack Start application.
-- **Dev mode**: Waits for the Vite dev server at `localhost:3000`, then opens a WebUI window. Requires `apps/server` to be running separately.
-- **WebUI**: Uses `@webui-dev/bun-webui` (FFI-based C library binding). Auto-detects and opens the best available browser in a private profile, or uses the system WebView.
+- **Server-driven design**: The desktop app is a "thin" native shell. It does not contain UI or business logic; it opens a BrowserWindow pointing to the `apps/server` TanStack Start application.
+- **Dev mode**: Opens a BrowserWindow pointing to `localhost:3000`. Requires `apps/server` to be running separately (Turbo handles this).
+- **Production mode**: Spawns a compiled server binary (from `resources/`) as a sidecar process, waits for readiness, then loads its URL.
 
 ## Commands
 
 ```bash
-bun dev                    # Open WebUI window (requires server dev running)
+bun dev                    # electron-vite dev (requires server dev running)
+bun build                  # electron-vite build (main + preload)
+bun build:win              # Build + package for Windows
+bun build:mac              # Build + package for macOS
+bun build:linux            # Build + package for Linux
 bun fix                    # Biome auto-fix
 bun typecheck              # TypeScript check
 ```
@@ -31,27 +36,40 @@ bun typecheck              # TypeScript check
 ```
 .
 ├── src/
-│   └── bun/
-│       └── index.ts       # Main process entry (server readiness check + WebUI window)
-├── package.json           # Scripts and dependencies
-├── turbo.json             # Dev pipeline (depends on server dev)
-└── AGENTS.md              # Desktop guidelines (this file)
+│   ├── main/
+│   │   └── index.ts       # Main process (server lifecycle + BrowserWindow)
+│   └── preload/
+│       └── index.ts       # Preload script (security isolation)
+├── resources/             # Sidecar binaries (gitignored, copied from server build)
+├── out/                   # electron-vite build output (gitignored)
+├── electron.vite.config.ts
+├── electron-builder.yml   # Packaging configuration
+├── package.json
+├── turbo.json
+└── AGENTS.md
 ```
 
 ## Development Workflow
 
-1. **Start server**: In `apps/server`, run `bun dev`.
-2. **Start desktop**: In `apps/desktop`, run `bun dev`.
-3. **Connection**: The desktop app polls `localhost:3000` until responsive, then opens the browser window.
+1. **Start server**: `bun dev` in `apps/server` (or use root `bun dev` via Turbo).
+2. **Start desktop**: `bun dev` in `apps/desktop`.
+3. **Connection**: Main process polls `localhost:3000` until responsive, then opens BrowserWindow.
+
+## Production Build Workflow
+
+1. **Build server**: `bun build` in `apps/server` → `.output/`
+2. **Compile server**: `bun compile` in `apps/server` → `out/server-{platform}`
+3. **Copy binary**: Copy the platform-appropriate binary to `apps/desktop/resources/server`
+4. **Package desktop**: `bun build:linux` (or `:mac` / `:win`) in `apps/desktop`
 
 ## Critical Rules
 
 **DO:**
 - Use arrow functions for all utility functions.
-- Ensure `apps/server` dev server is running before starting desktop.
+- Keep the desktop app as a thin shell — no UI or business logic.
 - Use `catalog:` for all dependency versions in `package.json`.
 
 **DON'T:**
-- Use `npm`, `npx`, `node`, `yarn`, or `pnpm`. Always use `bun`.
-- Include UI components or business logic in the desktop app (keep it thin).
+- Use `npm`, `npx`, `yarn`, or `pnpm`. Use `bun` for package management.
+- Include UI components or business logic in the desktop app.
 - Use `as any` or `@ts-ignore`.

apps/desktop/electron-builder.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+appId: com.furtherverse.app
+productName: Furtherverse
+directories:
+  buildResources: build
+files:
+  - '!**/.vscode/*'
+  - '!src/*'
+  - '!electron.vite.config.{js,ts,mjs,cjs}'
+  - '!{.env,.env.*,bun.lock}'
+  - '!{tsconfig.json,tsconfig.node.json}'
+  - '!{AGENTS.md,README.md,CHANGELOG.md}'
+extraResources:
+  - from: resources/
+    to: .
+    filter:
+      - '**/*'
+asarUnpack:
+  - resources/**
+win:
+  executableName: Furtherverse
+nsis:
+  artifactName: ${name}-${version}-setup.${ext}
+  shortcutName: ${productName}
+  uninstallDisplayName: ${productName}
+  createDesktopShortcut: always
+mac:
+  category: public.app-category.productivity
+dmg:
+  artifactName: ${name}-${version}.${ext}
+linux:
+  target:
+    - AppImage
+    - deb
+  maintainer: furtherverse.com
+  category: Utility
+appImage:
+  artifactName: ${name}-${version}.${ext}
+npmRebuild: false

apps/desktop/electron.vite.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'electron-vite'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  main: {},
+  preload: {},
+  renderer: {},
+})

apps/desktop/package.json

@@ -3,16 +3,21 @@
   "version": "1.0.0",
   "private": true,
   "type": "module",
+  "main": "out/main/index.js",
   "scripts": {
-    "dev": "bun src/bun/index.ts",
+    "dev": "electron-vite dev",
+    "build": "electron-vite build",
+    "build:win": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --win --config",
+    "build:mac": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --mac --config",
+    "build:linux": "electron-vite build && electron-builder --linux --config",
     "fix": "biome check --write",
     "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit"
   },
-  "dependencies": {
-    "@webui-dev/bun-webui": "catalog:"
-  },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@furtherverse/tsconfig": "workspace:*",
-    "@types/bun": "catalog:"
+    "@types/node": "catalog:",
+    "electron": "catalog:",
+    "electron-builder": "catalog:",
+    "electron-vite": "catalog:"
   }
 }

apps/desktop/src/bun/index.ts

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-import { WebUI } from '@webui-dev/bun-webui'
-
-const DEV_SERVER_URL = 'http://localhost:3000'
-const SERVER_READY_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000
-
-const isServerReady = async (url: string): Promise<boolean> => {
-  try {
-    const response = await fetch(url, { method: 'HEAD' })
-    return response.ok
-  } catch {
-    return false
-  }
-}
-
-const waitForServer = async (
-  url: string,
-  timeoutMs = SERVER_READY_TIMEOUT_MS,
-): Promise<boolean> => {
-  const start = Date.now()
-  while (Date.now() - start < timeoutMs) {
-    if (await isServerReady(url)) return true
-    await Bun.sleep(100)
-  }
-  return false
-}
-
-const main = async () => {
-  console.log('Starting Furtherverse Desktop...')
-
-  console.log('Waiting for server at', DEV_SERVER_URL)
-  const ready = await waitForServer(DEV_SERVER_URL)
-  if (!ready) {
-    console.error(
-      'Dev server not responding. Run `bun dev` in apps/server first.',
-    )
-    process.exit(1)
-  }
-
-  console.log('Opening window at', DEV_SERVER_URL)
-
-  const win = new WebUI()
-  win.setSize(1200, 800)
-  win.setCenter()
-  await win.show(DEV_SERVER_URL)
-
-  console.log('Window opened. Waiting for close...')
-  await WebUI.wait()
-
-  process.exit(0)
-}
-
-main().catch((error) => {
-  console.error('Failed to start:', error)
-  process.exit(1)
-})

apps/desktop/src/main/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import { spawn } from 'node:child_process'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { app, BrowserWindow, shell } from 'electron'
+
+const DEV_SERVER_URL = 'http://localhost:3000'
+const PROD_SERVER_PORT = 23_410
+
+let mainWindow: BrowserWindow | null = null
+let serverProcess: ReturnType<typeof spawn> | null = null
+
+const isServerReady = async (url: string): Promise<boolean> => {
+  try {
+    const response = await fetch(url, { method: 'HEAD' })
+    return response.ok
+  } catch {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+const waitForServer = async (
+  url: string,
+  timeoutMs = 15_000,
+): Promise<boolean> => {
+  const start = Date.now()
+  while (Date.now() - start < timeoutMs) {
+    if (await isServerReady(url)) return true
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 200))
+  }
+  return false
+}
+
+const spawnServer = (): string => {
+  const binaryName = process.platform === 'win32' ? 'server.exe' : 'server'
+  const binaryPath = join(process.resourcesPath, binaryName)
+
+  serverProcess = spawn(binaryPath, [], {
+    env: {
+      ...process.env,
+      PORT: String(PROD_SERVER_PORT),
+      HOST: '127.0.0.1',
+    },
+    stdio: 'pipe',
+  })
+
+  serverProcess.stdout?.on('data', (data: Buffer) => {
+    console.log(`[server] ${data.toString().trim()}`)
+  })
+
+  serverProcess.stderr?.on('data', (data: Buffer) => {
+    console.error(`[server] ${data.toString().trim()}`)
+  })
+
+  serverProcess.on('error', (err) => {
+    console.error('Failed to start server:', err)
+  })
+
+  return `http://127.0.0.1:${PROD_SERVER_PORT}`
+}
+
+const getServerUrl = (): string => {
+  if (!app.isPackaged) {
+    return DEV_SERVER_URL
+  }
+  return spawnServer()
+}
+
+const createWindow = async () => {
+  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
+    width: 1200,
+    height: 800,
+    show: false,
+    webPreferences: {
+      preload: join(__dirname, '../preload/index.mjs'),
+      sandbox: true,
+    },
+  })
+
+  mainWindow.webContents.setWindowOpenHandler(({ url }) => {
+    shell.openExternal(url)
+    return { action: 'deny' }
+  })
+
+  mainWindow.show()
+
+  const serverUrl = getServerUrl()
+
+  console.log(`Waiting for server at ${serverUrl}...`)
+  const ready = await waitForServer(serverUrl)
+  if (!ready) {
+    console.error(
+      app.isPackaged
+        ? 'Server binary did not start in time.'
+        : 'Dev server not responding. Run `bun dev` in apps/server first.',
+    )
+    app.quit()
+    return
+  }
+
+  console.log(`Loading ${serverUrl}`)
+  mainWindow.loadURL(serverUrl)
+}
+
+app.whenReady().then(createWindow)
+
+app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
+  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
+    app.quit()
+  }
+})
+
+app.on('activate', () => {
+  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+    createWindow()
+  }
+})
+
+app.on('before-quit', () => {
+  if (serverProcess) {
+    serverProcess.kill()
+    serverProcess = null
+  }
+})

apps/desktop/src/preload/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export {}

apps/desktop/src/renderer/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+    <title>Furtherverse</title>
+    <style>
+      * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
+      body {
+        font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
+        background: #0a0a0a;
+        color: #fafafa;
+        display: flex;
+        align-items: center;
+        justify-content: center;
+        height: 100vh;
+      }
+      .loader {
+        text-align: center;
+      }
+      .spinner {
+        width: 32px;
+        height: 32px;
+        border: 3px solid #333;
+        border-top-color: #fafafa;
+        border-radius: 50%;
+        animation: spin 0.8s linear infinite;
+        margin: 0 auto 16px;
+      }
+      @keyframes spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
+      p { font-size: 14px; color: #888; }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div class="loader">
+      <div class="spinner"></div>
+      <p>Starting server…</p>
+    </div>
+  </body>
+</html>

apps/desktop/tsconfig.json

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 {
-  "extends": "@furtherverse/tsconfig/bun.json",
+  "extends": "@furtherverse/tsconfig/base.json",
   "compilerOptions": {
-    "lib": ["ESNext", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"]
-  }
+    "types": ["node"]
+  },
+  "include": ["src/main/**/*", "src/preload/**/*", "electron.vite.config.ts"]
 }